The Claret was produced almost by accident, when a pair of fowl were thrown into a barn, and the female stole her nest, hatching nine stags and three pullets, all deep claret-wine color. It was not entirely accidental that they were endowed with superior fighting ability, for on both sides, particularly on the female side, a pedigree of superior fowl existed. The mother was a Herman B. Duryea Whitehackle whose sire won 19 battles, 14 of them in hands of Michael Kearney and 5 in England and Ireland for the Earl of Cromwell.
The sire of the Clarets was produced from a gray cock that fought at about 4.02. This particular cock belonged to a comparatively unknown boy at that time (in cocking circles) who brought the cock to Mr. Deans to fight for him. Deans fought the cocks in good company several times. He won in such a creditable manner that Mr. Deans procured the cock for his own and then bred him to one of his good red hens, heavy in Mahoney blood. Mahoney lived with Mr. Deans for some time and died at his home. This produced the red cock that became the “daddy of the Clarets.”
The Claret is a beautiful gamefowl with deep claret-wine feathers, and it is highly valued for its superior fighting abilities. They have a unique way of fighting, flying into their opponent with no beak hold, their heels pointed like an expert swordsman's rapier. They don't want to bite their opponent, just want to measure the distance and kill them. Clarets are intelligent, realizing their killing prowess is in their kick, and their beaks are primarily to feed themselves. They watch and feint to get their opponent out of position, then fly into them to tear them all to pieces without getting a scratch themselves, if possible.
Clarets cannot be produced synthetically, and there are few pure Clarets left in existence. It is not uncommon for breeders to mistakenly believe they have a pure Claret when, in fact, they do not. Only an expert can tell the difference between a true Claret and an imposter. Clarets are the aristocrats of the chicken species, with lot of feathers, are frail chickens except in leg and wing power; but have more kick than anything their weight.
In conclusion, the Claret is one of the most highly prized gamefowl breeds. Its fascinating history and superior fighting abilities make it a sought-after breed for enthusiasts and breeders. While there are few pure Clarets left in existence, they remain a symbol of excellence in the gamefowl world. For those who are fortunate enough to own one of these aristocrats of the chicken species, the Claret is a true treasure.
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The sudden appearance of wetness around the eye sometimes referred to as one-eye colds. One eye colds appear as wetness around the eye with minimal swelling of the eyelids. Give AMBROXITIL POWDER into the drinking water for 7 days.
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When no response is seen, the disease has likely progressed to stage two or underlying diseases may be complicating the infection.
Phase 2
As the infection progresses, further symptoms may include swelling of the orbital sinus ("donut" shaped swelling around the eye), pussy eye discharge, sticky eyelids, and open mouth breathing. Afflicted birds and the entire flock should be treated when this stage of the disease is seen. Treatment involves an administration of AMTYL Tablets for 7 days.
To accelerate recovery and help reduce the effects of any stressful factors, VitminPRO Powder should be mixed into feed each day for 7 days. For stage 2 of this disease, this treatment should give a good response.
The remainder of the flock should receive a 7-day treatment course as described for stage 2 of this disease.
Birds that have recovered from clinical signs of the disease have some degree of immunity. Such flocks, however, carry the organism and can transmit the disease to susceptible stock by direct contact or by egg transmission to their progeny.
The complicated form of CRD occurs when other underlying diseases are involved. A virus infection called Infectious bronchitis (IBV) is a highly contagious disease causing acute illness, coughing, sneezing, and impaired kidney function. IBV may precipitate outbreaks of Mycoplasma gallisepticum, although when present together, mortality in adult flocks is negligible. There is, however, a marked reduction in egg-laying, and mortality in broilers can be high especially during colder months.
E.coli infections have also been found to be a frequently complicating organism while other diseases that may complicate CRD include Mareks disease (Herpes), ILT (infectious laryngotracheitis), and Pox virus.
Prevention is still better than cure
It is difficult to prevent infections caused by Mycoplasma gallisepticum by natural means or by simple cleanliness routine because the disease is transmitted by eggs. Vaccinations have not proven to be a successful preventative measure because CRD is so often complicated by underlying diseases. The proven and tested method of prevention is by boosting the immune system of your flock through the use of VitminPRO Powder, a probiotic multivitamin supplement packed with vital nutrients and minerals formulated for chickens significantly reduce the infection rate of mycoplasma gallisepticum and e.coli bacteria to as low as 0.1%.
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Improved growth and development: Vitamin B-complex and iron dextran can support the growth and development of gamefowls and chickens, leading to larger and healthier birds.
Increased egg production: These nutrients can help to increase the number of eggs produced by chickens, leading to higher yields.
Improved feathering: Vitamin B-complex and iron dextran can help to improve the appearance of feathers in gamefowls and chickens, giving them a shiny and healthy appearance.
Increased immune system function: These nutrients can help to boost the immune system of gamefowls and chickens, making them more resistant to disease and infection.
Improved digestion: Vitamin B-complex and iron dextran can help to improve the digestion of gamefowls and chickens, leading to better absorption of nutrients.
Increased energy levels: These nutrients can help to increase energy levels in gamefowls and chickens, allowing them to be more active and perform better in competitions.
Improved fertility: Vitamin B-complex and iron dextran can help to improve the fertility of gamefowls and chickens, leading to higher hatch rates and better breeding success.
Reduced stress: These nutrients can help to reduce stress in gamefowls and chickens, leading to better overall health and well-being.
Increased resistance to disease: These nutrients can help to increase the resistance of gamefowls and chickens to common poultry diseases, leading to better overall health and lower mortality rates.
As you can see, the benefits of vitamin B-complex and iron dextran are many and varied. These nutrients can help to support the growth and development of your birds, increase egg production, improve feathering, boost the immune system, improve digestion, increase energy levels, improve fertility, reduce stress, and increase resistance to disease. By supplementing your gamefowls and chickens with vitamin B-complex and iron dextran, you can help to ensure that they are at their best, maximizing their health and performance.
]]>Coccidiosis is a common, and sometimes deadly, intestinal disease caused by a parasitic organism that attaches itself to a chicken’s intestinal lining. This parasitic invasion damages the intestinal tract, preventing the host chicken from absorbing nutrients vital to their survival.
Coccidiosis starts with an oocyst, or microscopic egg, that is passed through a chicken’s droppings. The oocyst can lay dormant in soil for up to a year and doesn’t become infectious (sporulate) until the surrounding conditions support its survival.
Sporulation generally occurs in wet, humid conditions between 70 and 90 degrees Fahrenheit that are present for several days. Areas around feeders and waterers are prime real estate for these parasites, especially if these areas are not cleaned and maintained properly.
After sporulation, the oocyst will be ingested by a chicken, typically through eating, drinking, or scratching the ground. Once in the stomach, stomach acid begins breaking down the hard, protective layer surrounding the oocyst. The oocyst then hatches and invades the cell lining of the chicken’s small intestine. The oocyst goes through several life stages and multiplies rapidly, rupturing bowel cells as it continues to proliferate.
All chickens are carriers of various strains of the coccidiosis organism, but not all become infected with the disease. Coccidiosis can also be spread by unknowingly carrying the eggs (oocysts) of these parasites on clothing or equipment, such as shovels or pails, into the flock environment.
Young chickens (under six months of age) are most susceptible to the disease since they haven’t had time to develop a natural immunity. However, adult chickens can also be infected with the disease and pass it on to other members of the flock through their droppings.
Symptoms
Coccidiosis develops quickly, with an incubation period of 4 to 8 days. Symptoms may develop gradually or appear suddenly. It is not uncommon for a chicken to seem fine one day and become very sick or even die the next.
The most common symptom of the disease is blood or mucus in chicken droppings. However, reddish chicken droppings aren’t always an indicator of coccidiosis. Chicken droppings may also appear brownish red in color due to the normal shedding of cecal cells. The only way to know if the droppings indicate an infected bird is to have the droppings tested by a veterinarian.
Other symptoms of coccidiosis can include:
Not all chickens will display the same symptoms and all of these symptoms might not be present in affected chickens. If you suspect coccidiosis infection, have the chicken droppings tested by a veterinarian as soon as possible to confirm your findings and begin treatment.
How to Treat Coccidiosis? The Fastest Solution
Fortunately, coccidiosis is treatable if caught early enough. It is important to treat every bird in the flock to contain the outbreak. The most popular treatment for coccidiosis is TEPOX which blocks the parasite’s ability to uptake and multiply.
Treatment is usually administered by adding TEPOX to the chickens’ water supply, however in some cases, where sick chickens aren’t eating or drinking enough, the medication is given orally. Treatment usually proceeds for 7 days, though sick chickens often show improvement in as little as 24 hours. In particularly warm, wet, or humid environments, a second dose of the treatment is recommended after a break in between to ensure complete eradication of the infection.
TEPOX can also be given on an ongoing basis, as a disease preventative. For more information on treatment and prevention options for your flock, consult your veterinarian.
Prevention is still better than cure
The best way to handle an outbreak of coccidiosis is to prevent one from occurring in the first place. While these measures won’t always prevent an outbreak, taking these steps can go a long way to ensuring the health of your flock.
Practice Good Bio-Security
To keep your chickens safe, don’t wear the same clothing or shoes, or use the same tools and equipment with your chickens that have been used for other activities or on a neighboring chicken farm. If you do, you risk exposing your chickens to a different strain of coccidiosis for which they have no built-in immunity. You also risk infecting your neighbor’s chickens with strains of the disease that exist on your farm.
Quarantine New Members of the Flock
Be sure to house new members of the flock at least 12 yards away from your existing flock for at least 3 weeks. This gives you the opportunity to monitor the health of the newcomers and prevent disease exposure to your existing flock.
Always Provide Clean / Fresh Water
Since it’s easy for water to become contaminated, be sure you are cleaning waterers regularly. If possible, provide poultry nipple waterers, rather than open watering areas. Baby chicks instinctively take to nipple waterers right away and older chickens adapt easily to the change. Nipple drinkers provide a contained source of water that has been proven to reduce disease. In fact, commercial chicken farms have been using nipple waterers exclusively for the last 25 years.
Keep Feeding Areas Clean & Dry
Clean, dry feeding areas are a must to avoid the spread of many diseases and infections including coccidiosis. Never throw food on the ground where it can become contaminated.
Keep Brooders and Coops Clean & Dry
While particular attention should be paid to feeding areas, keeping brooders and coops clean and dry is very important to discourage the spread of disease. Soiled, damp bedding provides an ideal environment for coccidiosis parasites to multiply quickly.
Provide Adequate Space
Coccidiosis, as well as many other infections, spread quickly in overcrowded areas. In order to provide adequate space and ventilation, be sure each chicken has at least four square feet of space inside coops, 10 square feet in chicken runs and 6 square feet of flooring in brooders for week old chicks.
Give Medicated Drinking Water for Prevention
Even if there's no onset of coccidiosis, provide regular mild doses of Tepox to your flock. Mix 2.5 grams or 1/2 Teaspoon of Tepox Powder to a gallon of water for three days every 60 day interval.
Promote Natural Immunity in New Chicks
Gradually introduce chicks to a properly maintained chicken yard by the time they are 4 weeks old. This helps the chicks build a natural immunity to the strains of coccidiosis that are present in the immediate environment and in the flock.
Provide Probiotic Supplements
Adding probiotic supplements to your chicks’ water can help create the conditions for competitive exclusion – a process where good bacteria compete for the resources of bad bacteria inside the gut. This can reduce the chances of infection with coccidiosis and improve immunity to other infections as well.
The best probiotic for poultry is VitminPRO Powder. It's a multivitamins plus immune enhancing probiotic supplement you can easily mix with drinking water. Just mix 5 gram or 1 Teaspoon to a gallon of water and administer three times a week.
While there’s no doubt that an outbreak of coccidiosis can be deadly to your flock, providing the best conditions for your chickens and taking preventative action can go a long way toward keeping your gamefowls healthy and productive for years to come.
Phenotype Characteristics:
Clarets are mostly straight combs, black breasted and wine red in color. They also possess wings and tails that have white streaks and usually white legged. While having a broad back and compact built, their weight ranges from 1.9 to 2.3 kgs.
Genotype Characteristics:
Clarets are accurate cutters, single strokers, fast and clever. They are also known to break high, possess deep game and are clever. They are also hard hitting and aggressive.
KELSO
Phenotype Characteristics:
Kelsos are straight comb and of usually white leg, while some have yellow legs.
Genotype Characteristics:
Originated by Mr. Walter Kelso. Kelsos are known to be high breakers with good timing; high stationed with sleek legs. Kelsos are also known to be powerful game cocks with deep game, aside from having good breaking ability with broader chest.
ROUNDHEAD
Phenotype Characteristics:
Roundheads exhibits black spurs and are peacombs. Majority have yellow legs, but they also have white legs. They have red eyes with wheaten or pale yellow hackle. They are medium to high stationed with an average weight of 2 to 2.4 kgs.
Genotype Characteristics:
Roundheads are smart with side stepping capabilities because of their agility. They are also aggressive, fast fighter and deadly. They are also known to be strong and possess devastating leg power.
Trivia: Roundheads origin is oriental fowl, either from India or Pakistan.
BROWN-REDS
Phenotype Characteristics:
Brown-Reds are dark red in color, and are either straight or peacomb. Some have black tipped hackled feathers and their feet are speckled with dark spots and some have dark legs.
Genotype Characteristics:
Brown-Reds are known to be multiple shufflers that possess great speed.
LEMONS
Phenotype Characteristics:
Lemons are either straight or peacombed, light yellow red in color and are either medium or low stationed. 70% are yellow legged, while the remaining 30% have white legs.
Genotype Characteristics:
Lemons are known to be accurate cutters with good timing. They are regarded as an intelligent bird with weaving abilities.
Trivia: Lemons are composed of blended blue-faced hatch, white hackle and clarets.
WHITEHACKLE
Phenotype Characteristics:
Whitehackles are straight combed with red eyes and are medium stationed. While 90% are yellow red in color, the remaining 10% are spangled, mustard colored hackles. They possess broad shoulders, compact built and with heavy plumage, having an average weight of 2 to 2.4 kgs.
Genotype Characteristics:
White hackles are known to be good cutters, and can fight in any position available due to their agility and shiftiness. They are strong and hard hitting game cocks. They are also known for their power and devastating leg kicks and breaks high with deep game.
Trivia: Considered as the most beautiful gamefowl and was bred by Mr. Michael Kearney in 1871.
GREY
Phenotype Characteristics:
Greys are straight combed and medium stationed. They possess silver hackles and saddle feathers, and either black or grey speckle breasted. Greys have red or copper colored eyes with an average weight of 2 or 2.6 kgs.
Genotype Characteristics:
Greys are aggressive and hard hitting game cocks. They are also known to be deadly cutters.
ALBANY
Phenotype Characteristics:
Albanies are mostly light red with black breast streaked with ginger color, while majority are yellow legged, around 90%., and are mostly pea combed. They also sometimes come out with black spurs. The hens are pale yellow or wheaten in color.
DARK-LEGGED HATCH
Phenotype Characteristics:
Hatches come in medium to low stations and with glossy, long and tough feathers. It is sub-divided into straight and pea comb. They may also come in green or blue legs with dark red hackles. They also may have piercing red eyes.
Genotype Characteristics:
Hatches are aggressive, fast fighters and deadly cutters. Considered as ground fighters and low headed. Hatches hit very hard and are known for their deep gameness.
YELLOW-LEGGED HATCH
Phenotype Characteristics:
While it is 100% yellow legged, it is 70% straight combed and 30% pea combed. This gamecock is light red in color and black breasted.
Genotype Characteristics:
These gamecocks are deadly cutters, have deep game and possess very powerful legs and has good endurance.
Trivia: A cross between a blue face hatch of Sandy Hatch, Whitehackle and Boston Roundhead.
ASIL
Phenotype Characteristics:
Asils are pea combed and are scantly feathered. They come in black and red, yellowish-white skin. They also come in yellow legs, broad shoulders, short beaks, and very prominent wings.
Genotype Characteristics:
Known from its immense power, but are considered very slow.
Trivia: Also called as Indian Fowls, originated from India or Pakistan. Good on naked heels.